The musical instrument certificate covers repeated crossings by one instrument rather than one shipment.
Photo: Vlada Karpovich / Pexels
Section 3 of 5
The Record: What was decided, when, and by whom — and the documents a bow now carries.
CITES, IBAMA, the 2007 and 2022 listings, the paperwork a bow now travels with, and the institutions that hold the conservation and auction record.
Start hereAppendix II in 2007, and What Changed in 2022
Appendix II in 2007, a stricter listing at CoP19 in 2022. A finished bow now travels with documentation.
What IBAMA Controls and How the Export Record Works
IBAMA controls extraction and export inside Brazil — the layer that sits beneath the treaty.
The Documents That Cross the Border With the Bow
The musical instrument certificate covers repeated crossings by one instrument rather than one shipment.
Dated Prices: What the Auction Catalogues Show
Catalogues read here as attribution history: who was named, when, and on what evidence.
Endangered on the Red List: What the IUCN Assessment Says
Endangered on the Red List. The assessment sets population decline against what is left of the forest.